Drama T.Y B.A English

Unit 2 

Drama by Meena A Bhil

Question - Write a detailed  note on Indian English Drama

Or

History or origin of Indian English Drama 

• Preface 

      "  It is the landmark of the development of  English Drama in india" .

              Drama is not a new form of literature in Indian English Drama . The writers also gave their contribution in Indian English Drama . Indian drama reached its highest peak during that time so we can be  considered it as a greatest era of that time .Like,

               -  Toru Dutt    

               - Rabindranath Tagore 

               - Salman Rushdie 

              -  R.K Narayan 

 

•            Origin / Background of Indian English Drama

      English Drama was started by Krishna Mohan Banerjee" with the work of "The persecuted (1837) ; it was progressive after Tagore and Sri Aurobindo

•        Indian Dramatists

  

               The history of indian drama began with the contribution of Michal Madhusudan Dutt's play ...

" Is  this called Civilization ? ( 1871) .

•     Major Dramatis;

          " There are some dramatist who gave their contribution to drama " 

There are two great dramatists like Tagore and Sri Aurobindo. 

                     1)  Rabindranath Tagor. 

 "Tagore is the essentially a river poet as well as natural poet " 

Tagore was novelist , stories , songs , dancer , dramatist and essayist . He won the Nobel prize in 1913 for Geetanjali

•             His  Drama

• Chitra 
• Sacrifice
• Chandalika
• Malini
• Post office

      -.  According to me 

" By this drama the soul of every indian would be felt  proud

             2)   Sri Aurobindo.

"Spirituality is indeed

 the master key of the Indian mind 

      He was born as Aurobindo Ghose . He was an Indian nationalist , philosopher , Yogi , Guru , and poet . He was one of the supreme masters  in Indian English literature . His poetry can be divided into two part

Poetry of action

Poetry of meditations 

His plays 

•  The mothe
• Savitri
• The life divine
• The secret of yoga
• The human cycle

              3).    P.A krishnaswami

 " Another noteworthy Dramatist"

He was the dramatist of indian English Drama He gave his contribution to Indian English Drama . He known for his unusual verse  play ; 

                   "The flute of Krishna

          4)    Haridranath Chattopadhyay...

 He has been noted for his geniusness . His most  important work are following; 

• The window
• The parrot
• The coffee

There are some characters in his play

• Saku Bai
• Mira Bai
• Jayadevi

        5).    T.P Kailasa

       "T.P Kailasam was a prominent playwright and poet 

His full name was Thanjavur Paramasiva Kailasm.He was the father of humorous play .His work divided into two categories like ; 

1) Work written in English language

2) Work written in kannada Language

 -    Works written in English Language

1) Fulfillment

2) The Brahmin's curse

3) The burden

4) The purpose

-   Work written on Kannada Language

1) Makala school mana alawa

2)  Sikarni savithri

        7)   Bharti Sarabhai ( Most Imp )

" Bharti Sarabhai is the female dramatist ".

She was the modern woman playwright during the colonial era of Indian writing in English 

•     Her play.

- The well of the peopl

-  Two women

      8).  A .S.P Ayya; 

He is the dramatist who wrote work like :

- The clutch of the devi

- The trial of science for the murder of Humanity

     9)  J.M Lobo Prab.

He is another great dramatist of Indian writing in English . He wrote dozens of plays 

-  Death Abdicate

• Another Playwright

• Mahesh Datani
• Girish karnard ( Most Imp )
• Vijay Tendulkar ( imp )

• Conclusion 

              After discussing this dramatist we conclude that Indian English Drama flourished in this field rapidly . I want to conclude that

" Indian English Drama reached its highest peak during that time" 

 

                                Hello readers ! Myself Meena Bhil I completed my Post graduation from Nadkuvarba mahila College , Bhavnagar recently . Now I am working as visiting faculty at Government Arts College , Talaja  I am writing this blog to throw some light on the given topic .so , Let's discuss ..

                      This blog tries to justify the answer of what is marginalization ? And Marginalization in Harry Potter . So, don't waste our time and move toward this topic ….

Let's move ….

• Introduction : 

               

                     J.k Rowling is a British author , Philanthropist , Film producer , Television Producer , Screen Writer . She is widely known for " Harry Potter and the series " She focused on the suspence and thriller in most of her work . So , Let's discuss about it ...

                       In this series we find the concept of marginalization . There are some characters who fall under this category so let's discuss them ...

◉ Marginalization and Harry Potter : 

         While we talk about marginalization and Harry Potter we first come to know about what is marginalization ? And what it means in this relevant topic ...so first we need to discuss the definition .

•  What is Marginalization 

               According to the Oxford Language Dictionary …… 

 Marginalization means treatments of a person , group or concept as insignificant or peripheral".

 

• The idea of Marginalization : 

The idea of Marginalization totally deals with someone ignoring another person because of race , power . They are considered as dominant in the context of them .so , in short the idea of Marginalization refers to insignificant , or peripheral . Let's see if the idea of Marginalization can be found in Harry Potter or not ?  

• Characteristics of Marginalization : 

It deals with other as discrimination and subordination .

-    Burdens given by other 

-    Less important to other

-    Considered as a peripheral 

-    Refers as ignored people 

• Elements of Marginalization in Harry Potter 

      Many scholars discussed Marginalization in Harry Potter .In Harry Potter there is a clear trace of Marginalization just because of ' Two distinct societies' .

So , In Harry Potter two distinct societies' became the reason of Marginalization . Some people may assume which two distinct societies . The answer is given below 

        

•     Two distinct societies 

            1 .Muggles 

                             2.Wizards.

 

 - Muggles are not centered on magic      

 - Wizards are center on magic 

 - Marginalized character in Harry Potter : 

      In Harry Potter there are some characters who are considered as marginalized characters just because they don't have a magical power in comparison to Wizards.

• Marginalized character like 

         Hermione Granger as a marginalized character .She is the leading marginalized character in comparison to others in Hogwarts school of witches and witchcraft .According to the series Harry Potter we come to know about her .She belonged from non - magical family as Muggle girl .Hermione 

Was marginalized based on her race .

            

" Hermione faces ignorance 

               and disgrace because of 

               racism" 

          So , Her character is a symbol of ignorance. Through her character we clearly depicted the idea of Marginalization in Harry Potter just because of racism. 

• Ignorance of Marginalized Characters in Harry Potter : 

        In the books and series ;.Harry Potter 

" Hermione is the perfect example of Marginalization" Throughout series ; she has presented with strength and weakness .As we sometime listen the saying that 

               " ખામી અને ખૂબી બંને હોય છે 

               વ્યક્તિમાં તમે શું શોધો તે મહત્વનું 

                છે"

         In the same way Hermione was always treated by her weakness as a character in Harry Potter in order to compare herself with others. In one saying there is also a idea that 

        " રેગિસ્તાનમાં તો એરંડો વૃક્ષ પણ પ્રધાન હોય છે "

 

        This above saying is deeply related with Hermione because he was an intelligent , Barve and logical mind in comparison to others but in comparison to Harry and others she seems less important in the aspects of magical power . Sometimes, while others use their magical power 

             " Heriome uses reason and logic 

                to solve her problems " 

In the Hogwart school Pro.Snap completely ignored her ….

           " Pro.snap completely ignored her

             in favour of the boys in the class ..

             Tell me , Miss Granger , Are You 

            incapable" ? 

                 

 In the beginning of the series most of the tasks are performed by Harry.She remains behind the wall .But after some time she proves herself by performing tasks .

         " It is said that sometime we have to 

            Prove ourselves to show our abilities"

   

Hermione was also ignored by Ron …

                " You are Muggle ! 

            Your mom and dad are Muggles ! 

• Significance of Hermoine as a Marginalized Character …

J.k Rowling presented Hermione as a brave , smart and intelligent woman in comparison to other female characters .But She treated as Marginalized Character in order to her non magical power . So , as a woman she is the perfect example of intelligent women . Here one question raised ; 

        How did she marginalize character ? 

        On Which basis ? 

She is a marginalized character just because of her race, ( as a Muggle girl ) not because of her intelligence . On the basis of her non-magical capacity . 

  

To sum up 

    To sum up this mention topic by explaining the difference point of view on Marginalization as well as Hermione as marginalized character in Harry Potter and the series by discussing her strength and weakness on the basis of her ignorance and non magical capacity in order to justify her as perfect example of female marginalized character not because of intelligent and smartness but just because she is the daughter of Muggle parents . 

Reference : 

Wikipedia 

       

        

  

     

How much land does a man need

      Compulsory English 

Government Arts College , Talaja . 

Hello ! Readers  this blog prepared for those students who wants to learn short story which mentioned in this  label . So , don't waste our time .Let's move on the topic .........

Unit -02 . 

How much land does a man need !!.

   Introduction : 

                                

                        

        

             " How much land does a 

                    man needs !!

                  Six feets from his head 

                   to his heels was all he 

                   needed " 

          Leo  Tolstoy was a Russian writer who wrote several novels and short Stories .He strongly believed in " Christian beliefs "  He wrote famous  short stories like ; 

         -   War and peace 

         - How much land does a man need !!

   About the story " How much land does a man need : 

       How much land does a man need is a short story which was written by Leo Tolstoy . This story focused on the greed of a man .In the story there was one character who's greed never satisfied in the story which lead him the reason of his death . 

                 "So let's discuss how pakhom's greed 

                  Significant his decay " 

1) Physical Appearance of Pakhom ; 

         Pakhom was the protagonist character in the short story " How much land does a man need " . Pakhom was a peasant , a farmer . In the beginning of the story Pakhom described as a ; 

                  " Hard Working man " 

   

        But later he desires land of his own .In fact , He boasts that if he had enough land  , he would not fear the devil's himself . Pakhom manages to borrow enough money to buy land of his own. We can say that. 

          " Pakhom was a man 

            who never satisfied " 

2) The meeting between Pakhom and lady land owner ; 

          There was the conversation about lady land owner and Pakhom . She is a lady who lived close to the village of the peasant .land owner also had an estate of lands of about three (3) hundred acres . So , there was the conversation between them and finally , Pakhom convinced the lady land owner and purchased the land . 

         " This conversation show the greed 

            of never  stopping man ( Pakhom) " 

3) The meeting between Bakshir Chief and Pakhom ; 

         One day , one dealer stops by his farm to get some feeds for his  horse . He tells him about Bakshir's . Pakhom decided to meet the Bakshir's chief  , he prepared some gifts for him . The chief accepted them and seated himself in the place of honour . The chief told Pakhom , he could choose whatever piece of land he liked ; 

 

          " The price was always the same ; 

           One thousand rubles a day .......

           

4) Significant of the dream : 

           After the deal Pakhom went to his tent to sleep . He lay on a feather bed but could not sleep  .He kept thinking about the land .He awake all night and dozed off only just before down , When he had dream .In his dream he saw he was lying in that same tent and heard the daring sound outside the tent . 

          In his dream he saw Devil who was laughing in front of him and he was laying as death on the ground ...... 

          " His dream was a clear warning but 

            he could not understand it just because 

            of his greed" 

5) Moral of the story : 

            " Six feet from his head to his heels 

               was all he needed " 

              The moral of the story depicted the greed of the man . How a man became greedy just because of the  land . The moral of the clearly mentioned in the title of the story.    

6) To sum up ; 

           At the end of the story ,  I mentioned How a wealth became the reason of someone's death .so I want to put  one quotes that , 

           " Satisfied in each and every moment in. 

               your life otherwise having the same 

               Candition as Pakhom"